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Censorship in Denmark has been prohibited since 1849 by the Constitution: § 77: Any person shall be at liberty to publish his ideas in print, in writing, and in speech, subject to his being held responsible in a court of law. Censorship and other preventive measures shall never again be introduced.〔(Constitution of Denmark ) (English translation), Legislationline, Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, accessed 16 August 2012〕 This effectively means that published material does not need prior acceptance from a censor before being released, also known as prior restraint. However, child pornography, hate speech, blasphemy, copyright, libel, and state security laws do exist, which means that authors, publishers, and others can be held responsible for statements in publicly disseminated material that violates these laws. ==Internet censorship== Internet censorship became a growing issue in Denmark from 2005 with child pornography sites,〔("Om blokeringsordningen mod børneporno" (About blocking scheme against child pornography) ) (in Danish), Danish National Police, 16 July 2012. Retrieved 16 August 2012. ((English translation ))〕 file-sharing sites such as AllOfMP3 and, more recently, The Pirate Bay, being blocked on the DNS level by ISPs.〔Pedersen, Karim (26 January 2006). ("Danske internet-udbydere kritiseres for censur" (Danish ISPs accused of censorship) ) (in Danish). ComON (IDG Denmark A / S). Retrieved 16 August 2012. ((English translation ))〕 On 23 December 2008, Wikileaks released a list of 3,863 sites being filtered in Denmark.〔("Denmark: 3863 sites on censorship list, Feb 2008" ), Wikileaks, 23 December 2008〕 However, no evidence of Internet filtering was found by the OpenNet Initiative in 2009.〔While there is no individual ONI country profile for Denmark, it is included in the regional overview for the Nordic Countries. ("ONI Regional Overview: Nordic Countries" ), OpenNet Initiative, March 2010〕 Due to legal issues ONI does not test for filtering of child pornography. In November 2011, the DNS blocking was expanded to include websites selling drugs〔 and unlicensed online gambling sites.〔("The first blockings of gaming web sites in Denmark" ), Corpus Juris, 27 June 2012〕 The DNS filters can easily be circumvented by simply changing to a different DNS server, such as Google Public DNS, OpenDNS, censurfridns.dk and other similar services.〔(''Leaping Over the Firewall: A Review of Censorship Circumvention Tools'' ), Freedom House, 11 April 2011, accessed 16 August 2012〕 This situation has been criticised by several organisations and in June 2011 in an open letter a confederation of the Danish IT-business organisations appealed to the Danish government for a revision of this practice and the of institution of clear legislation on the subject.〔Kildebogaard, Jesper (8 June 2011). ("Samlet it-branche i skarp protest mod dansk internetcensur" (Overall, the IT industry in sharp protest against Danish Internet censorship) ) (in Danish). Version2. Retrieved 16 August 2012. ((English translation ))〕 In 2012 Internet service providers (ISPs) and copyright holders in Denmark agreed on a framework where all ISPs will block access to copyright-infringing content if one of the providers is ordered to do so by a court. The Danish Ministry of Culture plans to work with ISPs and rights holder groups to "formalise" the agreement in a "written Code of Conduct".〔("One court order could gag EVERY ISP in Denmark" ), Out-Law.com (Pinsent Masons), ''The Register'', 22 June 2012, accessed 16 August 2012〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Censorship in Denmark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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